Between Punishment and Rehabilitation: How Probation Officers Build Their Professional Identity. A Comparative Study of Restorative Justice

Who is the probation officer: an agent of state control, or a helping professional working toward reintegration? In post-communist Europe that question has no settled answer — and the way practitioners themselves answer it shapes the fate of thousands of people serving non-custodial sentences.Drawing on years of qualitative and quantitative fieldwork in North-Eastern Romania and the Republic of Mo...