Heterodoxy, Spinozism, and Free Thought in Early-Eighteenth-Century Europe

''the oldest biography of Spinoza'', La Vie de Mr. Spinosa, which in the manuscript copies is often followed by L''Esprit de M. Spinosa. Margaret Jacob, in her Radical Enlightenment, contended that the Traite was written by a radical group of Freemasons in The Hague in the early eighteenth century. Silvia Berti has offered evidence it was written by Jan Vroesen. Various discussions in the early ei...