Non-Native Species in the Ponto-Caspian Seas

Gaining some momentum in the early 18th century, accelerating in the 19th century, and culminating in the second half of the 20th century, a sharp increase in the number of non-native animal and plant species introduced to foreign ecosystems, terrestrial and aquatic alike, occurred. In marine systems, they appeared in the pelagic as well as in near-shore zones. Like an infection, this process rapi...