Philoponus: Against Proclus on the Eternity of the World 12-18

In chapters 12-18 of Against Proclus, Philoponus continues to do battle against Proclus'' arguments for the beginninglessness and everlastingness of the ordered universe. In this final section there are three notable issues under discussion. The first concerns the composition of the heavens and its manner of movement. Philoponus argues against the Aristotelian thesis that there is a fifth heavenly...