Respiratory Muscles in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

While emphysema and chronic bronchitis are primarily lung di­ seases, one of their major consequences is to deeply affect the function of the respiratory muscles. Lung hyperinflation shortens the inspiratory muscles due to increased airways resistance, more of their effort is demanded and changes in nutritional status wea­ ken them further. Their malfunction can lead to severe dyspnea and to failu...