Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Surgery Under the Local Anesthesia

This book presents the latest devices and techniques in transforaminal full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD). This minimally invasive procedure can be used to treat various spinal conditions, such as herniated nucleus pulposus, discogenic pain, foraminal stenosis, lateral recess stenosis, and infection. The book offers an overview of TELD, and discusses discectomy, thermal annulplasty (TA) and ...