Forest and Steppe: Climate, Landscape, and the Making of the Early Slavic World

At Novgorod's excavated cultural layers, wooden street planking dates to specific years through dendrochronology, birchbark documents preserve household correspondence, and pollen records trace centuries of forest clearance in the surrounding hinterland. This is the evidence from which the environmental history of the early Slavic world can be reconstructed. Forest and Steppe draws together palyno...