Iron and Steel (a Pocket Encyclopedia) Including Allied Industries and Sciences

Whilst the greatest effort has been made to ensure the quality of this text, due to the historical nature of this content, in some rare cases there may be minor issues with legibility. This is short hand for: The iron oxide or ''scale which forms on the surface of this steel adheres so firmly that, unless it is heated so highly that it melts, some of it will cleave to the metal during the operatio...