The International School of Climatology of the "e;Ettore Majo- rana Centre for Scientific Culture"e; at Erice was founded in 1979, with the aim of organising advanced courses and highly specialized seminars on current problems in the field of climatology.
Radiative heat transfer is a fundamental factor in the energetics of the terrestrial atmosphere: the system consisting of the atmosphere and the underlying layer is heated by the Sun, and this heating is compensated, on the average, by thermal radia- tion.
The reader may be surprised to learn that the word "e;aeronomy"e; is not found in many of the standard dictionaries of the English language (for exam- ple.
This volume is based on a workshop on "e;Effects of accumulation of air pollutants in forest ecosystems'; held in GOttingen, Federal Republic of Germany, from May 16-18, 1982.
Tropical atmosphere and ocean are receiving increased attention in relation to the functioning of the global climate system, the remarkable climatic variability in low latitudes, and the associated manifold environmental and societal consequences.
During the last 20 years the study of, and the prediction of, changes in the climate of our planet have become an urgent social imperative, addressed to scientists the world over.
In November 1981 a first symposium with the topics of "e;Acid Deposition of Atmospheric Pollutants"e; was organised in OberursellTaunus to introduce the problems and first results of research-activities on wet and dry deposition of pollutants and on acid precipitation.
Unique properties of laser radiation including its monochromatic properties, polarization, high spectral intensity, coherence, narrow beam divergence, the possibility of controlling the pulse duration and radiation spectrum and, finally, the fact that extremely high power and energy create very favorable conditions for the extensive application of lasers to communi- cation systems, systems for the lidar sensing and ultra-high-precision ranging, navigation, remote monitoring of the environment, and many other systems operating in the atmosphere.
Satelli te oceanography, as the term is used in this book, is a generic term that means application of the technology of aerospace electromagnetic remote sensing to the study of the oceans.
The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "e;Transport Processes in the Middle Atmosphere"e; was held in Erice, Sicily, from November 23 through November 27, 1986.
Few scientists doubt the prediction that the antropogenic release of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will lead to some warming of the earth's climate.
Three important studies were initiated in the 1970s to investigate the relation- ship between climatic variations and agriculture: by the National Delcnse University (1980) on Crop Yields and Climate Change to the Year 2000, by the U.
The VDI Commission on Air Pollution Prevention - in cooperation with the German Meteorological Society - presents in this book the proceedings of the first International Symposium on "e;Environmental Meteorology"e;, held in Wurzburg (West Germany) from 29 September to 1 October 1987.
In the micrometeorological literature, reference is sometimes made to the 'Businger-Dyer Profiles' or the 'Dyer-Businger profiles/relations' without referring to the origin of these relations.
There is no shortage of general books on the subject of acid rain, or of symposium proceedings reviewing work ranging from atmospheric chemistry and deposition processes to freshwater acidification and effects on vegetation.
Solar and geomagnetic variability are of considerable interest for scientists of many different persuasions and indeed one has the distinct impression that for the sun at least, there is direct relevance for mankind in general as the interrelation between solar and terrestrial phenomena is starting to be appreciated.
This book contains some of the papers presented at the 15th Annual Meeting on Atmospheric Studies by Optical Methods which was held in Granada, Spain, from Septe~ber 6 through September 11, 1987 and hosted by the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andaluda of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientfficas (Spanish Higher Res~arch Council).
Three important studies were initiated in the 19708 to investigate the relation- ship between climatic variations and agriculture: by the National Defense University (1980) on Crop Yields and Climate Change to the Year eooo, by the U.
The main objective of the workshop was to increase our knowledge of ozone formation and distribution in the troposphere, its relation to precursor (NO~ and HC species) distribution, how it is affected by transport processes in the troposphere, and to show how the increasing levels of ozone can cause environmental problem.
It has been widely recognized recently that in order to make scientific progress on large and important problems (eg, carbon dioxide effects on climate, viability of various sites for nuclear waste disposal etc.
The increasing production of industrial goods, heat, and energy, as well as traffic, has led to the release of considerable amounts of toxic trace metals to the atmosphere.
Ten years ago, de Loor and co-workers at TNO, The Netherlands, were the first to report bottom topography patterns in real aperture radar (RAR) images of the southern North Sea.
Within the framework of Ispra Courses, a course on "e;Applications of Remote Sensing to Agrometeorology"e; was held from April 6th to 10th, 1987 at the Joint Research Centre of the European Communities, Ispra Italy.
It is well known that the interactions between land surfaces and the atmosphere, and the resulting exchanges in water and energy have a tremendous affect on climate.
Preface This book is the culmination of a workshop jointly organized by NATO and CEC on Climate-Ocean Interaction which was held at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University during 26-30 September 1988.
During the Conference on Air-Sea Interaction in January 1986, it was suggested to me by David Larner of Reidel Press that it may be timely for an updated compendium of air-sea interaction theory to be organized, developed, and published.
This book grew out of lectures on geophysical fluid dynamics delivered over many years at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology by the author (and, with regard to some parts of the book, by his colleagues).
