The 1979 revolution fundamentally altered Iran's political landscape as a generation of inexperienced clerics who did not hail from the ranks of the upper class-and were not tainted by association with the old regime-came to power.
Described by historians as a "e;total war,"e; World War I was the first conflict that required a comprehensive mobilization of all members of society, regardless of profession, age, or gender.
A new look at the crusaders, which shows how they pursued long-term plans and clear strategic goals Medieval states, and particularly crusader societies, often have been considered brutish and culturally isolated.
The first comprehensive history of the most decisive military campaign of the Third Crusade and one of the longest wartime sieges of the Middle Ages The two-year-long siege of Acre (1189–1191) was the most significant military engagement of the Third Crusade, attracting armies from across Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Maghreb.
Since the beginning of the crisis precipitated by Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in August 1990, the threat posed by Iraq's arsenal of ballistic missiles has been the focus of international attention.
This comprehensive survey of Iran's historical development covers everything from its origins in ancient empires to its status as a modern nation-state.
In October 1875, two months after the takeover of the Somali coastal town of Zeila, an Egyptian force numbering 1,200 soldiers departed from the city to occupy Harar, a prominent Muslim hub in the Horn of Africa.
The 1979 revolution fundamentally altered Iran's political landscape as a generation of inexperienced clerics who did not hail from the ranks of the upper class-and were not tainted by association with the old regime-came to power.
In Faith and Politics in the Public Sphere, Ugur explores the politics of religious engagement in the public sphere by comparing two modernist conservative movements: the Mormon Church in the United States and the Gulen movement in Turkey.
Iran's modern history cannot be understood without tracing three interlocking forces: the vast oil wealth that made the country a target for foreign intervention, the coups and political manipulations that repeatedly disrupted its sovereign development, and the clerical establishment that ultimately channeled decades of accumulated grievance into revolutionary transformation.
Der moderne Iran ist das Produkt dreier Krafte, die sich uber ein Jahrhundert hinweg uberlagert, bekampft und gegenseitig geformt haben: Ol, politische Gewalt und religiose Autoritat.
The negotiations over Iran's nuclear program stand among the most complex diplomatic undertakings of the twenty-first century - conducted simultaneously at the table and through back channels, shaped as much by domestic political pressures in Washington, Tehran, and Brussels as by the technical details of uranium enrichment and inspection regimes.
From Anatolian frontiers to Vienna's gates, the Ottoman Empire spanned six centuries through military innovation, millet tolerance, and imperial bureaucracy.
Dieses Buch beleuchtet den langen und vielschichtigen Weg des iranischen Atomprogramms - von den ambitionierten Anfangen unter Schah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi bis zu den erbitterten Auseinandersetzungen mit der internationalen Gemeinschaft im 21.
Beneath the surface of modern Middle Eastern conflicts lies a network of pipelines, concession agreements, and energy corridors that rarely appear in headlines but consistently shape the decisions of states, militaries, and international powers.
"e;Von der Nakba bis heute"e; bietet eine umfassende historische Darstellung des palastinensischen Erlebens - von der Katastrophe der Vertreibung 1948 bis zu den Auseinandersetzungen der Jahre 2024-2026.
For more than three decades, Ali Khamenei has presided over one of the world's most complex theocratic systems-outlasting sanctions, uprisings, and the death of the revolution's founder.
For nearly four centuries, the Ottoman Empire transformed from a small Anatolian principality into one of history's most formidable powers-stretching across three continents and reshaping the political, cultural, and religious landscape of Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Im Sommer 1953 sturzte eine geheime amerikanisch-britische Operation den iranischen Premierminister Mohammad Mossadegh - ein Wendepunkt in der Geschichte des Nahen Ostens.
