Philosophy: epistemology and theory of knowledge

Once treated as the absence of knowledge, ignorance today has become a highly influential topic in its own right, commanding growing attention across the natural and social sciences where a wide range of scholars have begun to explore the social life and political issues involved in the distribution and strategic use of not knowing.

Although much human action serves as proof that irrational behavior is remarkably common, certain forms of irrationality--most notably, incontinent action and self-deception--pose such difficult theoretical problems that philosophers have rejected them as logically or psychologically impossible.

An exploration of what we can know about what we don''t know: why ignorance is more than simply a lack of knowledge.

Originally published in 1986.

Delusions play an important and fascinating role in philosophy and are a particularly fertile area of study in recent years, spanning philosophy of mind and psychology, epistemology, ethics, psychology, psychiatry, and cognitive science.

Perception is basic for human knowledge and a major concern of both epistemology and the philosophy of mind.

This book offers a historical explanation of important philosophical problems in logic and mathematics, which have been neglected by the official history of modern logic.

We all take it for granted that we are typically in a position to know about the thoughts and feelings of other people.

This volume offers a fresh view of the work of Thomas Reid, a leading figure in the history of eighteenth-century philosophy.

This book presents selected essays on the epistemological foundation of the Islamic world-system, in the light of the exegesis of the Qur'an, to develop existing understandings of Islamic economics.

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This book develops a central theme: legal persuasion results from making and breaking mental connections.

This monograph proposes a new (dialogical) way of studying the different forms of correlational inference, known in the Islamic jurisprudence as qiyas.

This book provides a detailed and comprehensive account of the problem of a priori knowledge from a historical as well as a systematic perspective.

Moral systems, like normative systems more broadly, involve complex mental representations.

Kennzeichen der Epoche von Hegels Tod bis in die dreißiger Jahre des 20.

Drawing together his work from four decades, Phillip Bricker provides a comprehensive account of modal reality - the realm of possible worlds - from a Humean perspective, with excursions into neighboring topics in metaphysics.

Formal methods are changing how epistemology is being studied and understood.

Descartes's works are often treated as a unified, unchanging whole.

The world is swimming in misinformation.

Originally published in 1990.

This volume is the first sustained examination of epistemic situationism: the clash between virtue epistemology and the situationist hypothesis inspired by research in empirical psychology.

An accessible, historically sensitive, metaphysically engaged discussion of relations of use to specialists and non-specialists alike.

This volume explores evidentialism, a major theory of epistemic justification.

The chapters in the book address the problem of reference as it relates to perception and to debates about realism.

Kuhn and Feyerabend formulated the problem.

This book offers a phenomenological conception of experiential justification that seeks to clarify why certain experiences are a source of immediate justification and what role experiences play in gaining (scientific) knowledge.

This 2002 book investigates how Bayesianism as one theory of probability was discredited in the 1920s and 1930s.

Pluriverse, the final work of the American poet and philosopher Benjamin Paul Blood, was published posthumously in 1920.

This edited collection charts the development of, and prospects for, conceiving knowledge as a social phenomenon.

How can we justify democracy's trust in the political judgments of ordinary people?

In the last decade, the familiar problem of the regress of reasons has returned to prominent consideration in epistemology.

You believe that there is a book (or a computer screen) in front of you because it seems visually that way.

This book offers a fundamental description of physics using classical probabilities for events occurring at all times and locations throughout the Universe.

The development of phenomenological philosophy in Japan is a well-established tradition that reaches back to the early 20th-century.

Western philosophical orthodoxy places many aspects of other people's lives outside the scope of our knowledge.

What is it about knowledge that makes us value it more highly than mere true belief?

This Element focuses on contemporary work on substance, and in particular on contemporary substance ontologies.

Originally published in 1993, Modalities in Medieval Philosophy looks at the idea of modality as multiplicity of reference with respect to alternative domains.

This book examines all verses of the Quran involving knowledge related concepts.

To commemorate the 50th anniversary of his passing (in 2014), this special book features studies on Alexandre Koyre (1892-1964), one of the most influential historians of science of the 20th century, who re-evaluated prevalent thinking on the history and philosophy of science.

Ludwig Wittgenstein is arguably the most important philosopher of the twentieth century.

In this clear and up-to-date introduction, Thomas D.

This edited work draws on a range of contributed expertise to trace the fortune of an Aristotelian thesis over different periods in the history of philosophy.