Philosophy: logic

In By Parallel Reasoning Paul Bartha proposes a normative theory of analogical arguments and raises questions and proposes answers regarding (i.

In this text, a variety of modal logics at the sentential, first-order, and second-order levels are developed with clarity, precision and philosophical insight.

For centuries, philosophers have been puzzled by the fact that people often respect moral obligations as a matter of principle, setting aside considerations of self-interest.

Hilbert's Programs & Beyond presents the foundational work of David Hilbert in a sequence of thematically organized essays.

The Logical Must is an examination of Ludwig Wittgenstein's philosophy of logic, early and late, undertaken from an austere naturalistic perspective Penelope Maddy has called "e;Second Philosophy.

This volume contains six new and fifteen previously published essays -- plus a new introduction -- by Storrs McCall.

In Seeing Things, Robert Hudson assesses a common way of arguing about observation reports called "e;robustness reasoning.

In this short monograph, John Horty explores the difficulties presented for Gottlob Frege's semantic theory, as well as its modern descendents, by the treatment of defined expressions.

Within traditional decision theory, common decision principles -- e.

If we must take mathematical statements to be true, must we also believe in the existence of abstracta eternal invisible mathematical objects accessible only by the power of pure thought?

Mathematics and logic have been central topics of concern since the dawn of philosophy.

Robert Batterman examines a form of scientific reasoning called asymptotic reasoning, arguing that it has important consequences for our understanding of the scientific process as a whole.

McCarthy develops a theory of radical interpretation--the project of characterizing from scratch the language and attitudes of an agent or population--and applies it to the problems of indeterminacy of interpretation first described by Quine.

Human beings are both supremely rational and deeply superstitious, capable of believing just about anything and of questioning just about everything.

The work of Thomas Aquinas has always enjoyed a privileged position as a pillar of Catholic theology, but for centuries his standing among western philosophers was less sure.

The Quine-Putnam indispensability argument in the philosophy of mathematics urges us to place mathematical entities on the same ontological footing as other theoretical entities essential to our best scientific theories.

John Horty effectively develops deontic logic (the logic of ethical concepts like obligation and permission) against the background of a formal theory of agency.

If there is such a thing as reason, it has to be universal.

Perhaps no one has done more in the last 30 years to advance thinking in the metaphysics of modality than has Alvin Plantinga.

In this book, Scott Soames illuminates the notion of truth and the role it plays in our ordinary thought, as well as in our logical, philosophical, and scientific theories.

Do numbers, sets, and so forth, exist?

In this book, Yaqub describes a simple conception of truth and shows that it yields a semantical theory that accommodates the whole range of our seemingly conflicting intuitions about truth.

Since the publication of Carl Hempel and Paul Oppenheim's ground-breaking work "e;Studies in the Logic of Explanation,"e; the theory of explanation has remained a major topic in the philosophy of science.

Now in its fourth edition, this classic work clearly and concisely introduces the subject of logic and its applications.

The story of Sosipatra of Pergamum (4th century C.

Kurt Godel, the greatest logician of our time, startled the world of mathematics in 1931 with his Theorem of Undecidability, which showed that some statements in mathematics are inherently "e;undecidable.

This is a comprehensive study of the English word or, and the logical operators variously proposed to present its meaning.

In this collection of essays written over a period of twenty years, Solomon Feferman explains advanced results in modern logic and employs them to cast light on significant problems in the foundations of mathematics.

The seventeenth century saw dramatic advances in mathematical theory and practice.

There are many proposed aims for scientific inquiry--to explain or predict events, to confirm or falsify hypotheses, or to find hypotheses that cohere with our other beliefs in some logical or probabilistic sense.

In this deft and vigorous book, Mark Balaguer demonstrates that there are no good arguments for or against mathematical platonism (ie.

This book explores an important central thread that unifies Russell's thoughts on logic in two works previously considered at odds with each other, the Principles of Mathematics and the later Principia Mathematica.

Edited by three leading figures in the field, this exciting volume presents cutting-edge work in decision theory by a distinguished international roster of contributors.

Reasoning Practically deals with a classical philosophical topic, the link between thought and action--how we think about what we do or ought to do, and how we move from thinking to doing.

This fresh look at the philosophy of language focuses on the interface between a theory of literal meaning and pragmatics--a philosophical examination of the relationship between meaning and language use and its contexts.

This volume brings together mostly previously unpublished studies by prominent historians, classicists, and philosophers on the roles and effects of religion in Socratic philosophy and on the trial of Socrates.

This clear, accessible account of Hegelian logic makes a case for its enormous seductiveness, its surprising presence in the collective consciousness, and the dangers associated therewith.

Here is an important new theory of human action, a theory that assumes actions are founded on choices made by agents who face an open future.

This is a charming and insightful contribution to an understanding of the "e;Science Wars"e; between postmodernist humanism and science, driving toward a resolution of the mutual misunderstanding that has driven the controversy.

This book offers a novel account of the relationship of experience to knowledge.

In this book Pollock deals with the subject of probabilistic reasoning, making general philosophical sense of objective probabilities and exploring their relationship to the problem of induction.

This work is a sequel to the author's Godel's Incompleteness Theorems, though it can be read independently by anyone familiar with Godel's incompleteness theorem for Peano arithmetic.

When ordinary people--mathematicians among them--take something to follow (deductively) from something else, they are exposing the backbone of our self-ascribed ability to reason.

In general, a given object could have been different in certain respects.

In general, a given object could have been different in certain respects.

Logic for Philosophy is an introduction to logic for students of contemporary philosophy.

Though little known today, Johann Friedrich Herbart was one of the leading philosophers of his age, the competitor of Schelling and Hegel.

Though little known today, Johann Friedrich Herbart was one of the leading philosophers of his age, the competitor of Schelling and Hegel.

Metaphysical and ontological debates, concerning what exists and the nature of reality, are perennial features of the philosophical landscape.