Religion: general

The final years of the reign of the Safavids (1501-1722) have been described by many (near-) contemporary authors.

In Persia under the Qajars (1210-1344/1796-1925) tribal leaders played an important role; at the regional level and also in matters of state.

In the Islamic middle ages, urban histories were for the most part not the kind of chronicle that one might think, covering the political, economic, or cultural history of a particular city over a certain time.