Other technologies and applied sciences

The U.

This book documents electric power requirements for the dismounted soldier on future Army battlefields, describes advanced energy concepts, and provides an integrated assessment of technologies likely to affect limitations and needs in the future.

The space shuttle orbiter has already been struck many times by small meteoroids and orbital debris, but it has not been damaged severely.

The United States faces decisions requiring information about the oceans in vastly expanded scales of time and space and from oceanic sectors not accessible with the suite of tools now used by scientists and engineers.

With the end of the Cold War, the Department of Energy is engaged in a review of its policies regarding the classification of information.

The Global Positioning System, with its capability for both precisely positioning and navigating an aircraft, has created new scientific opportunities for studying the earth.

Since the beginning of space flight, the collision hazard in Earth orbit has increased as the number of artificial objects orbiting the Earth has grown.

This book reviews the U.

This book describes a cost/performance trade-off model useful for illustrating the effects of budget decisions on the quality of expected performance in the military enlisted force.

Prepared at the request of NASA, Aeronautical Technologies for the Twenty-First Century presents steps to help prevent the erosion of U.

This volume contains commissioned reviews of research on biological influences on violent or aggressive behavior.

Beam technologies play an important role in microelectronic component fabrication and offer opportunities for application in other manufacturing schemes.

No more important issue faces us today than the future success of efforts to manage and control nuclear arsenals.

The cornerstone of chemical and biological defense strategy is protection (i.

Drilling is a critical component in many segments of U.

Given the dramatic changes in the environment for national defense, concurrent with rapid improvements in commercial manufacturing capabilities, the Department of Defense (DOD) requires a new approach to designing, engineering, manufacturing, buying, and upgrading weapon systems.

If the United States hopes to continue as a leader in space, it must invest now in better earth-to-orbit technology by replacing obsolete launch facilities while also developing a new class of more robust and reliable vehicles.

The United States and the Soviet Union could drastically reduce their nuclear arsenals below the levels prescribed by the new Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START).

In this volume, the National Research Council examines problems arising throughout government-owned, contractor-operated facilities in the United States engaged in activities to build nuclear weapons.

Reports of closed beaches, restricted shellfish beds, oil spills, and ailing fisheries are some of the recent evidence that our marine environment is in trouble.

Basic Research Opportunities in Earth Science identifies areas of high-priority research within the purview of the Earth Science Division of the National Science Foundation, assesses cross-disciplinary connections, and discusses the linkages between basic research and societal needs.

The Space Station Freedom program is the next major U.

This nontechnical overview of developments in nuclear arms control describes how the United States and the Soviet Union arrived at their present positionsand where they might go from here.

The Earth is a dynamic planet whose changes and variations affect our communications, energy, health, food, housing, and transportation infrastructure.

This workshop report examines the capability of the forecast system to efficiently transfer weather and climate research findings into improved operational forecast capabilities.

Can we design an oil tanker that meets our complex demands for environmental protection, economical operation, and crew safety?

This volume includes 14 papers from the National Academy of Engineering's Tenth Annual U.

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has operated continuously since 1990.

Extending the spatial and temporal boundaries of human space flight are important goals for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), yet human space flight remains an endeavor with substantial risks.

The availability of land bases from which to launch and maintain military, diplomatic, and humanitarian relief operations is becoming increasingly uncertain because of physical or political constraints.

Naval Analytical Capabilities assesses current Department of Defense initiatives and the Department of the Navy's progress in transitioning from a requirements-based to a capabilities-based organization.

In February 2004, the President announced a new goal for NASA; to use humans and robots together to explore the Moon, Mars, and beyond.

The Navy has put forth a new construct for its strike forces that enables more effective forward deterrence and rapid response.

Are the nation's ports adequate for our present and future needs?

NASA's Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) program within the Office of Space Flight has proposed a new framework for space technology and systems developmentAdvanced Systems, Technology, Research, and Analysis (ASTRA) for future space flight capabilities.

For the past three decades, it has been possible to measure the earth's static gravity from satellites.

Geodesy has undergone technological and theoretical changes of immense proportions since the launching of Sputnik.

Over the past four years more than three-quarters of a million tourists have viewed the colorful coral-lined seas off the U.

The report reviews NASA's solid-earth science strategy, placing particular emphasis on observational strategies for measuring surface deformation, high-resolution topography, surface properties, and the variability of the earth's magnetic and gravity fields.

The system of satellites in place to provide environmental data-data to monitor events such as forest fires and floods; to make weather predictions; and to assess crops, transportation impacts, fisheries, land-use patterns, sea temperature, and soil moisture, among other things- serves a wide and growing array of users.

Principal-investigator (PI) Earth science missions are small, focused science projects involving relatively small spacecraft.

The Committee for the Review of NASA's Pioneering Revolutionary Technology (PRT) Program and its three supporting panels were charged by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) with assessing the overall scientific and technical quality of the PRT program and its component programs, along with their associated elements and individual research tasks.