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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference of the CLEF Association, CLEF 2021, held virtually in September 2021.

Unraveling the Voynich Codex reviews the historical, botanical, zoological, and iconographic evidence related to the Voynich Codex, one of the most enigmatic historic texts of all time.

This inspirational book contains evidence-based research presented by educational scientists, for the advancement of stylus-based technology and its applications for college and K-12 classrooms.

No detailed description available for "e;Metataxis in Practice"e;.

No detailed description available for "e;The Semantics of Prepositions"e;.

No detailed description available for "e;Machine Translation and Translation Theory"e;.

The two-volume set LNCS 10350 and 10351 constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems, IEA/AIE 2017, held in Arras, France, in June 2017.

This must-read text/reference introduces the fundamental concepts of convolutional neural networks (ConvNets), offering practical guidance on using libraries to implement ConvNets in applications of traffic sign detection and classification.

This book includes chapters which discuss effective and efficient approaches in dealing with various aspects of social media analysis by using machine learning techniques from clustering to deep learning.

This groundbreaking book explores the power of collaborative AI in amplifying human creativity and expertise.

This book constitutes the thoroughly revised selected papers from the 18th International Symposium, FACS 2022, which was held online in November 2022.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 25th Brazilian Symposium on Formal Methods, SBMF 2022, which was held  virtually in December 2022.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2022, which was held in November/December 2022.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition, ICFHR 2022, which took place in Hyderabad, India, during December 4-7, 2022.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 21st China National Conference on Computational Linguistics, CCL 2022, held in Nanchang, China, in October 2022.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Formal Modeling and Analysis of Timed Systems, FORMATS 2022, held in Warsaw, Poland, in September 2022.

This book provides a coherent and complete overview of various Question Answering (QA) systems.

This book constitutes revised selected papers from the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Analysis of Images, Social Networks and Texts, AIST 2021, held in Tbilisi, Georgia, during December 16-18, 2021.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Formal Engineering Methods, ICFEM 2022, held in Madrid, Spain, in October 2022.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries, TPDL 2022, which took place in Padua, Italy, in September 2022.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 21st EPIA Conference on Artificial Intelligence, EPIA 2022, which took place in Lisbon, Portugal, in August/September 2022.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Explainable and Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems, EXTRAAMAS 2022, held virtually during May 9-10, 2022.

Edited in collaboration with FoLLI, the Association of Logic, Language and Information this book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 28th Workshop on Logic, Language, Information and Computation, WoLLIC 2022, Iasi, Romania, in September 2022.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference of the CLEF Association, CLEF 2022, held in Bologna, Italy in September 2022.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Theoretical Aspects of Software Engineering, TASE 2022, held in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, July 2022.

This book includes chapters which discuss effective and efficient approaches in dealing with various aspects of social media analysis by using machine learning techniques from clustering to deep learning.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Implementation and Application of Automata, CIAA 2022, held in Rouen, France in June/ July 2022.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the 22nd Chinese Lexical Semantics Workshop, CLSW 2021, held in Nanjing, China in May 2021.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Developments in Language Theory, DLT 2022, which was held in Tampa, FL, USA, during May, 2022.

Labelling data is one of the most fundamental activities in science, and has underpinned practice, particularly in medicine, for decades, as well as research in corpus linguistics since at least the development of the Brown corpus.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th Language and Technology Conference: Challenges for Computer Science and Linguistics, LTC 2019, held in Poznan, Poland, in May 2019.

Empirical methods are means to answering methodological questions of empirical sciences by statistical techniques.

This book discusses the state of the art of automated essay scoring, its challenges and its potential.

The goal of text ranking is to generate an ordered list of texts retrieved from a corpus in response to a query.

This book presents a taxonomy framework and survey of methods relevant to explaining the decisions and analyzing the inner workings of Natural Language Processing (NLP) models.

Weighted finite-state transducers (WFSTs) are commonly used by engineers and computational linguists for processing and generating speech and text.

Embeddings have undoubtedly been one of the most influential research areas in Natural Language Processing (NLP).

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to Conversational AI.

In recent years, online social networking has revolutionized interpersonal communication.

Data-driven experimental analysis has become the main evaluation tool of Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms.

Text production has many applications.

Meaning is a fundamental concept in Natural Language Processing (NLP), in the tasks of both Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG).

The majority of natural language processing (NLP) is English language processing, and while there is good language technology support for (standard varieties of) English, support for Albanian, Burmese, or Cebuano--and most other languages--remains limited.

Natural language processing (NLP) went through a profound transformation in the mid-1980s when it shifted to make heavy use of corpora and data-driven techniques to analyze language.

Many applications within natural language processing involve performing text-to-text transformations, i.

Thanks to the availability of texts on the Web in recent years, increased knowledge and information have been made available to broader audiences.

Opportunity and Curiosity find similar rocks on Mars.

Argumentation mining is an application of natural language processing (NLP) that emerged a few years ago and has recently enjoyed considerable popularity, as demonstrated by a series of international workshops and by a rising number of publications at the major conferences and journals of the field.