Solar system: the Sun and planets

Knowledge about the outer heliosphere and the interstellar medium, which were long treated as two separate fields, has improved dramatically over the past 25 years as a consequence of recent developments: The discovery of interstellar pickup ions and neutral helium inside the heliosphere, the determination of the interstellar hydrogen distribution in the heliosphere obtained using backscattered solar Lyman-alpha radiation, the prediction and subsequent detection of the hydrogen wall just outside of the heliopause, the development of detailed global models for the interaction of solar wind plasma with the interstellar medium, and most recently, direct in-situ plasma and field measurements inside of the heliosheath.

This book explores the practicality of using the existing subsurface geology on the Moon and Mars for protection against radiation, thermal extremes, micrometeorites and dust storms rather than building surface habitats at great expense at least for those first few missions.

NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), planned for operation in about five years, will have the capability to investigate - and answer - some of the most challenging questions in astronomy.

The problem of cosmic ray (CR) geomagnetic effects came to the fore at the beg- ning of the 1930s after the famous expeditions by J.

This book is one of two volumes meant to capture, to the extent practical, the scienti?

This book is one of two volumes meant to capture, to the extent practical, the sci- ti?

It is well established and appreciated by now that more than 99% of the baryonic matter in the universe is in the plasma state.

Hydrothermal processes on Earth have played an important role in the evolution of our planet.

Since very early times Sirius was a point of attraction in the night sky.

Thepublication oftheHipparcos andTycho Catalogues in 1997 transformed astrometry, and as a consequence astronomers' perception of astrometry.

High Time Resolution Astrophysics (HTRA) is an important new window to the universe and a vital tool in understanding a range of phenomena from diverse objects and radiative processes.

Many times all of us could hear from mass media that an asteroid approached and swept past the Earth.

The 6th IAA Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth Observation, initiated by the International Academy of Astronautics (IAA), was again hosted by DLR, the German Aerospace Center.

Studies of Nearby Galaxies are currently the focus of many observations and numerical simulations.

Understanding the stars is the bedrock of modern astrophysics.

Forty years ago when plate tectonics was first discovered, there was a major shift in thinking in the Earth Sciences.

xxii CONTENTS In 1957 I was invited to work on special problems in Magnetic Laboratory of the Academy of Sciences of USSR as a Head of Department of Magnetic Hydrodynamics.

This textbook is intended to be used in a lecture course for college students majoring in Earth Sciences.

The field of solar physics and solar--terrestrial relation, now called space weather, is evolving rapidly.

An International Conference entitled "e;Close Binaries in the 21st Century: New Opportunities and Challenges"e;, was held in Syros island, Greece, from 27 to 30 June, 2005.

Solar Journey: The Significance of Our Galactic Environment for the Heliosphere and Earth lays the foundation for an interdisciplinary study of the influence of interstellar material on the solar system and Earth as we travel through the Milky Way Galaxy.

Neutron stars hold a central place in astrophysics, not only because they are made up of the most extreme states of the condensed matter, but also because they are, along with white dwarfs and black holes, one of the stable configurations that stars reach at the end of stellar evolution.

Stars are born and die in clouds of gas and dust, opaque to most types of radiation, but transparent in the infrared.

The European Workshop on Astronomical Molecules was held at 'The Conference Building' in Zwolle, the Netherlands, on 18-20 February 2004.

ThispublicationpresentstheproceedingsofICPMSE-7,theSeventhInternational Conference on Protection of Materials and Structures from Space Environment, held in Toronto May 10-13, 2004.

Observational, experimental and analytical data show that C60, larger fullerenes, and related structures of elemental carbon exist in interstellar space, meteorites, and on Earth and are associated with meteorite in impact events and in carbon-rich environments such as coals (shungite) and bitumen.

This volume brings together contributions from many of the world's leading authorities on black hole accretion.

Representatives of several scientific communities, such as planetary scientists, astronomers, space physicists, chemists and astrobiologists have met with the aim to review the knowledge on four major themes: (1) the study of the formation and evolution processes of the outer planets and their satellites, beginning with the formation of compounds and planetesimals in the solar nebula, and the subsequent evolution of the interiors of the outer planets, (2) a comparative study of the atmospheres of the outer planets and Titan, (3) the study of the planetary magnetospheres and their interactions with the solar wind, and (4) the formation and properties of satellites and rings, including their interiors, surfaces, and their interaction with the solar wind and the magnetospheres of the outer planets.

Containing more than 450 entries by some 200 eminent contributors from all over the world, the Encyclopedia of Planetary Sciences is the first book to present this information in an authoritative yet approachable way.

8.

"e;Neutrinos and Explosive Events in the Universe"e; brought together experts from diverse disciplines to offer a detailed view of the exciting new work in this part of High Energy Astrophysics.

Starbursts are important features of early galaxy evolution.

Comets are small bodies, but of great cosmic relevance.

THE EDITORS: DAVID L.

The principal elements of the theory of polarized light transfer in planetary atmospheres are expounded in a systematic but concise way.

9 MHDTurbulence in the Heliosphere: Evolution and Intermittency 253 Bruno Bavassano, Roberto Bruno and Vincenzo Carbone 1 Introduction 254 2 MHD Turbulence Evolution 255 2.

This volume is the outgrowth of several international meetings to discuss a vision for the future of solar radio physics: the development of a new radio instrument.

The joint NASA-ESA Cassini-Huygens mission promises to return four (and possibly more) years of unparalleled scientific data from the solar system's most exotic planet, the ringed, gas giant, Saturn.

The past forty years of space research have seen a substantial improvement in our understanding of the Earth's magnetosphere and its coupling with the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic ?

The 17 chapters of this book grew out of the tutorial lectures given by leading world-class experts at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop "e;Effects of Space Weather on Technology Infrastructure"e; - ESPRIT, which was held in Rhodes on March 25-29, 2004.

On the occasion of the retirement of Ulrich Schwarz, a symposium was held in Groningen in May of 1996, celebrating his contributions to the study of the int- stellar medium, including his work on the high-velocity clouds.