A summary of recent developments in theoretical and experimental studies of fluctuation effects in itinerant electron magnets, focusing on novel physical phenomena: soft-mode spin fluctuations and zero-point effects, strong spin anharmonicity, magnetic frustrations in metals, fluctuation effects in Invar alloys and low-dimensional systems.
These Proceedings of a NATO-ARW (HTECH ARW 97 1843) held at the Oreanda Hotel, Yalta, Ukraine from April 29 till May 2 , 1998 resulted from many discussions between various workers, concerning the need for a gathering of all (if possible) who were concerned with the subject of symmetry of the order parameter and pairing states for superconductivity.
Modulated crystals have been intensively investigated over the past several years and it is now evident that an understanding of their crystallography and microstructure is fundamental to the elucidation of the physical properties and phase transitions in these materials.
Quantum Systems in Chemistry and Physics contains a refereed selection of the papers presented at the first European Workshop on this subject, held at San Miniato, near Pisa, Italy, in April 1996.
The NATO Advanced Study Institute on Diffuse Waves in Complex Media was held at the "e;Centre de Physique des Houches"e; in France from March 17 to 27, 1998.
The theory of simple and complex fluids has made considerable recent progress, due to the emergence of new concepts and theoretical tools, and also to the availability of a large body of new experimental data on increas- ingly complex systems, as well as far-reaching methodological developments in numerical simulations.
The International Workshop on Coherent Control of Carrier Dynamics in Semiconductors was held May 19 to 22, 1998 at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
The Advanced Study Institute provided an opportunity for researchers in universities, industry and National and International Laboratories, from the disciplines ofmaterials science, physics, chemistry and engineering to meet together in an assessment of the impact of electron and scanning probe microscopy on advanced material research.
Quantum mechanical laws are well documented at the level of a single or a few atoms and are here extended to systems containing 102 to 1010 electrons - still much smaller than the usual macroscopic objects, but behaving in a manner similar to a single atom.
Optical methods for investigating semiconductors and the theoretical description of optical processes have always been an important part of semiconductor physics.
Computer simulations provide an essential set of tools for understanding the macroscopic properties of liquid crystals and of their phase transitions in terms of molecular models.
This proceedings volume contains the contributions of the speakers who attended the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "e;Perspectives, Science and Technologies for Novel Silicon on Insulator Devices"e; held at the Sanatorium Pushcha OLema, Kyiv, th Ukraine from It"e; to 15 October 1998.
Frontiers in Magnetism of Reduced Dimension Systems presents a definitive statement of our current knowledge and the state of the art in a field that has yet to achieve maturity, even though there are a number of potential applications of thin magnetic films and multilayers, such as magnetic sensors, data storage/retrieval media, actuators, etc.
Magnetism encompasses a wide range of systems and physical phenomena, and its study has posed and exposed both important fundamental problems and many practical applications.
Complex oxide materials, especially the ABO3-type perovskite materials, have been attracting growing scientific interest due to their unique electro-optical properties, leading to photorefractive effects that form the basis for such devices as holographic storage, optical data processing and phase conjugation.
The book you are now holding represents the final step in a long process for the editors and organizers of the Advanced Study Institute on hard magnetic materials.
One of the major challenges of science in the last few years of the second millennium is learning how to design materials which can fulfill specific tasks.
In Bird of Passage by Rudolf Peierls, we find a paragraph in which he de- scribes his Cambridge days in the 1930s: On these [relativistic field theory] problems my main contacts were Dirac, and the younger theoreticians.
Kratschmer and Huffman's revolutionary discovery of a new solid phase of carbon, solid C60, in 1990 opened the way to an entire new class of materials with physical properties so diverse that their richness has not yet been fully exploited.
Some twenty-three years after the discovery of pulsars and their identification as rotating neutron stars, neutron star physics may be regarded as comingofage.
This volume (>Ie) NEMATICS Mathematical and Physical aspects constitutes the proceedings of a workshop which was held at l'Universite de Paris Sud (Orsay) in May 1990.
Any book that covers a large variety of subjects and is written by one author lacks by necessity the depth provided by an expert in his or her own field of specialization.
In its combination of an advanced teaching standpoint with an emphasis on new perspectives and recent advances in the study of liquids formed by simple molecules, Molecular Liquids: New Perspectives in Physics and Chemistry provides a clear, understandable guide through the complexities of the subject.
The accurate, absolute, and non-destructive measurement of residual stress fields within metallic, ceramic, and composite engineering components has been one of the major problems facing engineers for many years, and so the extension of X-ray methods to the use of neutrons represents a major advance.
There were two reasons that induced me to plan and to organize this book, the first was the lack of a text entirely devoted to the subject of gas sensors, notwithstanding some books devoted to the various kind of chemical sensors have recently been published.
The study of crystal structures has had an ever increasing impact on many fields of science such as physics, chemistry, biology, materials science, medicine, pharmacy, metallurgy, mineralogy and geology.
During the last decade, various powerful experimental tools have been developed, such as small angle X-ray and neutron scattering, X-ray and neutron reflection from interfaces, neutron spin-echo spectroscopy and quasi-elastic multiple light scattering and large scale computer simulations.
Ordered intermetallics constitute a unique class of metallic materials which may be developed as new-generation materials for structural use at high temperatures in hostile environments.
Physics and Materials Science of High Temperature Superconductors, II represents the results of a fruitful dialogue between physicists and materials scientists which took place under the auspices of a NATO Advanced Study Institute in Porto Carras, Greece, between 18 and 31 August, 1991.
This book is intended to provide a clear and unified introduction to the physics of matter at low temperatures, and to do so at a level accessible to researchers new to the field and to graduate and senior undergraduate students.
The Advanced Research Workshop on the Physical Properties of Semiconductor Interfaces at the Sub-Nanometer Scale was held from 31 August to 2 September, 1992, in Riva del Garda.
Singularities in Fluids, Plasmas and Optics, which contains the proceedings of a NATO Workshop held in Heraklion, Greece, in July 1992, provides a survey of the state of the art in the analysis and computation of singularities in physical problems drawn from fluid mechanics, plasma physics and nonlinear optics.
